By Daniel Venezuela, Contributing Author
Safety in road construction is always a paramount concern that becomes particularly challenging on rural two-lane roads.
This environment presents unique obstacles that require careful planning and execution to protect workers and the public.
As anyone who has driven through the countryside knows, rural two-lane roads often lack the infrastructure and safety features found in urban settings.
Several factors contribute to the heightened risks in this environment, including limited visibility, high speeds, infrequent passing opportunities, remote locations and wildlife.
- Limited Visibility: Rural roads often are characterized by sharp curves, hilly terrain and dense foliage, all of which can obscure drivers' views of work zones.
- High Speeds: Rural roads generally have higher speed limits. Without adequate speed reduction measures, drivers may approach work zones too quickly, increasing the risk of accidents.
- Infrequent Passing Opportunities: With fewer lanes available, drivers’ frustration can build, potentially leading to aggressive overtaking maneuvers.
- Remote Locations: Rural roads are isolated, resulting in slower emergency response times and compounding the risks in an accident.
- Wildlife: Animals crossing the road add an unpredictable hazard that can complicate traffic control efforts.
Rural work zones also contend with a lack of streetlights and reflective signage, complicating nighttime operations.
These factors combined necessitate a comprehensive approach to safety management that includes sound planning, use of traffic control devices and community outreach to raise awareness among local drivers.
Managing Work Zones
Maintaining safety and efficiency during lane closures on rural two-lane roads demands a thorough understanding of temporary traffic control (TTC) applications, particularly when traffic volumes are low and or operations extend into nighttime hours.
Effective lane closure management should adhere to the best practices outlined in the Federal Highway Administration's Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), which offers comprehensive guidelines for traffic control in diverse environments.
The following are key considerations for common TTC applications on rural two-lane roads:
Lane Closures on Two-Lane Roads
For lane closures on rural two-lane roads, employing flaggers can be a highly effective method.
In situations where the flagger can be clearly seen by road users approaching from both directions, a single flagger may suffice. This is particularly applicable for short work zones on straight roadways.
Where a one-lane, two-way traffic taper is placed before a horizontal (or crest vertical) curve, the buffer space should be extended to provide adequate sight distance for the flagger and a queue of stopped vehicles.
For short-duration operations, it might be permissible to omit the “Road Work Ahead” and “End Road Work” signs to reduce clutter, if visibility and safety are not compromised.
Flashing lights or flags can enhance the visibility of advance warning signs. Adding a “Be Prepared To Stop” sign between the “Flagger” sign and the “One Lane Road” sign also is advised for further motorist cautioning.
Illumination at flagger stations is mandatory during nighttime, barring emergencies, to ensure they are visible to approaching traffic.
Use high-intensity, portable light towers to illuminate flagger stations. These lights should be positioned to avoid glare that could blind drivers. Also be sure to equip flaggers with high-visibility, reflective gear.
Lane Closures with Low-Traffic Volumes
In cases where traffic volumes are low and visibility is good through and beyond the worksite, the TTC application can serve as an alternative to the flagger-based scenario under the following conditions:
- Vehicular traffic volume is low enough to create sufficient gaps for vehicles that need to yield.
- Drivers from both directions can see oncoming traffic through and beyond the worksite, ensuring they have sufficient visibility of approaching vehicles.
- Type B flashing warning lights can be added to the “Road Work Ahead” and “One Lane Road Ahead” signs to enhance visibility during nighttime lane closures.
Work Zones Near Railroad Crossings
Working near railroad crossings introduces additional complexities that require meticulous planning in all scenarios.
Effective queue management is essential; if vehicle queues might extend through a grade crossing, the TTC zone should be extended so that the transition area precedes the crossing.
When the work zone is near a crossing with active warning devices, flaggers must stay informed about the activation status of these devices to manage traffic flow safely.
It also is crucial when working near a grade crossing to provide comparable warning devices for drivers on both sides, ensuring equal warning for all motorists.
Early coordination with the relevant railroad company or transit agency also is vital before commencing work to address potential issues.
As an optional measure, a flagger or a uniformed law enforcement officer may be stationed at the grade crossing to minimize the likelihood of vehicles stopping within 15 feet of the crossing, measured from both sides of the outside rails.
Professional Traffic Control Services
There are numerous nontypical TTC applications to also consider for rural two-lane roads. These include the use of temporary traffic control signals and advanced technologies like Automated Flagger Assistance Devices (AFADs), which can operate with or without manual intervention.
Given their complexity and variety, it is best to discuss these scenarios, along with the typical applications previously described, with a professional traffic control services provider. Their expertise will ensure that all safety measures are appropriately tailored to the specific needs of each project.
Hiring a professional traffic control company offers numerous advantages. Professionals bring a wealth of expertise, ensuring adherence to best practices and the latest safety regulations. These providers are equipped with the necessary signage, software and devices to manage traffic flow safely—a comprehensive inventory that helps ensure no aspect of traffic control is overlooked, from advance warning signs to temporary rumble strips and reflective barriers.
Professional traffic management can also significantly enhance efficiency in rural road construction by addressing several other key areas, including regular training programs essential for all construction workers, equipment handlers and drivers.
Public communication is another critical aspect managed by professional services. Keeping the public informed about construction schedules and expected disruptions can alleviate frustration and reduce risks.
Effective communication strategies often include using local media, social media platforms and clear, well-placed signage.
Continuous monitoring and evaluation of traffic management measures are also vital. Professional services conduct regular assessments and adjustments based on real-time observations, helping to refine and improve safety protocols.
This ensures that measures remain effective and responsive to changing conditions throughout the construction project.
Safely managing any work zone is about strategy, experience and instinct.
Consult with your trusted services provider about enhancing the safety of work zones on rural roads. A simple chat can make all the difference in safeguarding everyone's journey home. RB
Daniel Venezuela is general manager for AWP Safety’s Texas region.
